TGFB1 and renal fibrosis: Previous studies have shown that bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) interferes with TGF-β1 signaling and expression of various matrix proteins, thereby inhibiting ECM remodeling.[77] It has been suggested that BMP-7 could be a potential target for reversing TGF-β1.[78,79] Sulforaphane, a dietary agent, can prevent diabetes-induced renal fibrosis by upregulating BMP-7 expression and subsequently inhibiting TGF-β1 signaling.[80] Similarly, artemisinin and its derivatives may also exert antifibrotic effects by increasing the expression of BMP-7.[81]