Furthermore, the top hotspot mutation (R174Q) is known to contribute the greatest energy to DNA binding.23 Of the RUNX1 mutations shared between our assay and COSMIC, the majority occurred in hematopoietic malignancies (n = 104), followed by breast cancer (n = 10), urinary tract (n = 5), and large intestine (n = 4), where approximately 79.6% are LoF-like and 14.6% are hypomorphic (Figure 4H). Here, RUNX1 is linked to breast carcinoma.