TNF and Hypertension: Some serological markers were measured in all patients, such as procalcitonin (PCT), D- dimer, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-a), C-reaction protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), etc. There was no distinction in age, gender, BMI, heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and bronchitis among CAP patients in three groups.