Every 0.1 mmol/l decrease in serum magnesium level was associated with an 18% increase in the likelihood of T2D (HR 1.18 [95% CI 1.04, 1.33]) and 12% for the likelihood of prediabetes (HR 1.12 [95% CI 1.01, 1.25]), with magnesium involved in the cellular mechanism of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity [13, 29]. Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.