A summarized depiction of the aberrant activation of pathways (including growth factors/receptor tyrosine kinases [RTKs], Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-beta [TGF-β] signaling pathways, as well as glucose and lipid metabolism) in T2D with or without nephropathy is anticipated to be influenced by dysregulated key miRNAs (miR-1307, miR-320a, miR-151a, miR-182-5p, and miR-423) (Fig. 5). Here, TGFB1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.