exhibited cytotoxicity against various human colon cancer cells and induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in HCT116 human colon cancer cells via downregulation of cyclin D1 through phosphorylation-dependent ERK1/2, p38 or GSK3β, and cyclin D1 transcriptional inhibition through Wnt signaling (Park et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene MAPK3 and malignant colon neoplasm.