On the other hand, since tumor-associated fibroblasts can secrete high amounts of growth factors, such as TGFβ, HGF and FGF, to stimulate tumor progression [45], it is postulated that anti-GPC1 mAb treatment reduces the production of those growth factors by inhibiting the proliferation and activities of tumor-associated fibroblasts. The gene discussed is GPC1; the disease is neoplasm.