GJA1 and Seizure: In cases of abnormal receptor function, the propagation of physiological (sleep spindle bursts) and pathological (interictal/ictal discharges) discharges to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the excitatory tripartite synaptic transmission induced by Cx43 upregulation are enhanced, resulting in epileptic seizures during NREM sleep and subsequent frequent epileptic seizures during the same night (45).