Multiple logistic regression analysis disclosed seven variables as independent predictors within the model: age (P = 0.003, odds ratio [OR] 3.623, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.535–8.551), NRS2002 (P = 0.000, OR 6.129, 95% CI 2.920–12.863), ALB (P = 0.013, OR 0.921, 95% CI 0.863–0.982), atrial fibrillation (P = 0.000, OR 20.017, 95% CI 4.191–95.609), COPD (P = 0.009, OR 8.151, 95% CI 1.674–39.676), FEV1/FVC (P = 0.040, OR 0.966, 95% CI 0.935–0.998), and surgical procedure (P = 0.024, OR 0.425, 95% CI 0.202–0.891), as depicted in Table 2. Here, ALB is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.