XOR expression is enhanced in LC, and its metabolic breakdown produces UA that exerts a dual role in oxidative reactions, apoptosis, metabolism and immunity [8].The fact that UA is mainly excreted through the kidneys requires the involvement of multiple transporter proteins [28].Defects in urate transporter proteins contribute to several diseases including hypertension, and chronic kidney disease [29]. The gene discussed is XDH; the disease is chronic kidney disease.