In summary, the present results showed the protective effects of HDAC inhibitors (SB and VA) against the NC‐ and/or IM‐induced anxiety‐ and working memory impairment‐like behavioural alterations, for which the anxiolytic‐like effects were mimicked by the CB1 agonist AC or the TRPV1 antagonist CZ, whereas the working memory improving‐like effects were mimicked by the CB1 antagonist SR or the TRPV1 agonist OL. This evidence concerns the gene CNR1 and Anxiety.