In addition, CHI3L1 modulates the glioma microenvironment by interacting with galectin-3, increasing tumor immunosuppression, and promoting macrophage M2 polarization, a process that is negatively regulated by galectin-3-binding proteins by competing with galectin-3 for binding to CHI3L1 (25). This evidence concerns the gene LGALS3 and central nervous system cancer.