Additionally, in the present study, we found that adrenergic blockade using CAR not only ground tumor growth to a halt, as evidenced by significantly lower tumor volumes compared to control littermates before sacrifice but also resulted in tumor cell death with significantly enhanced necrosis and apoptosis, as evidenced by heightened necrotic index observed in H&E-stained tumor sections paralleling an upsurge in the pro-apoptotic caspase-3 protein levels, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene CASP3 and neoplasm.