These cell types were identified as follows: goblet cells (MUC2, ITLN1, HES6), gland mucous cells (GMCs; markers: OLFM4, SPINK4, MSMB), cancer cells (CEACAM6, CEACAM5, ALDH1A2), pit mucous cells (PMCs; GNK1, MUC5AC, TFF1), chief cells (PGC, PGA3, PGA5), proliferative cells (TOP2A, MKI67, BIRC5), macrophages (CSF1R, CD68, CD163), and fibroblasts (PDGFRB, DCN, COL1A1) (Figure 7C). Here, COL1A1 is linked to cancer.