ERVW-1 and dementia: Accordingly, HAND-associated genomic signatures were previously shown in the envelope protein (Env).30-32 However, so far most viral pathogenesis studies that found genetic associations were based on small sample sizes of PWH and considered HIV-associated dementia as outcome, while most PWH under antiretroviral therapy (ART) are affected by milder manifestations of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairments and/or self-reported neurocognitive complaints (SRNCs).8,10,30,31 However, no HIV whole genome-wide screens for these outcomes have been conducted.