RB1 and diabetes mellitus: After 8 weeks of diabetes, FS% were significantly (p < 0.01) reduced in diabetic rats compared with controls, FS% of insulin and Rb1 group significantly (p < 0.05) increased compared with diabetes (P < 0.05); EF% were significantly reduced in diabetic compared with controls (p < 0.01), insulin and Rb1 group significantly increased compared with diabetes (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively); There was not significantly differently alter among of control, insulin, and Rb1 group in both FS% and EF% (Table 2; Fig. 3).