IFNG and neoplasm: Immunotherapy with IFNα correlates with tumor toxic effects in patients diagnosed with melanoma.[55, 56] IFNγ, which was decreased in our study, is another cytokine relevant for direct tumor cell‐specific antitumor effects by, e.g., inhibition of proliferation, upregulation of MHC class I molecule expression, and thus enhancing their antigenicity – but also having contradicting effects (summarized elsewhere in refs. [57, 58]).