A randomized controlled trial using KLT in combination with platinum-based chemotherapeutic (PBC) agents in patients with NSCLC (stage III/IV) showed that KLT plus PBC improved the DCR, ORR, 1-year overall survival (OS), QOL+t-cells, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio compared to PBC alone and that the combination therapy improved cellular immunity and attenuated severe toxicity caused by chemotherapy (59%) (107). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and non-small cell lung carcinoma.