Specifically, IVW analysis revealed interleukin-18 (IL-18) exerted significant negative causal effects on lung cancer risk (OR = 0.942, 95% CI: 0.897–0.990, P = 0.018), while eotaxin had significant positive causal effects (OR = 1.061, 95% CI: 1.002–1.123, P = 0.043) (Figures 1A, B). Here, IL18 is linked to lung cancer.