Stem cell factor (SCF) (OR = 1.150, 95% CI: 1.021–1.296, P = 0.021) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) (OR = 1.152, 95% CI: 1.003–1.325, P = 0.046) were positively associated with lung adenocarcinoma risk, though no inflammatory factors showed causal links to squamous cell lung cancer risk. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and squamous cell lung carcinoma.