Freag et al. addresses this in a study from 2022 in which they created a NASH-on-a-chip model using a coculture (HCs, KCs, and HSCs) hydrogel 3D scaffold with LSECs in a blood vessel mimetic endothelialisation inlet channel.107 Using free fatty acids as lipotoxic stressors and LPS to trigger disease progression, Freag et al. found a time-dependent response of an accumulation of lipids in the cytoplasm of HCs resulting in apoptosis. This evidence concerns the gene TBCE and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.