By co-culturing these two cell types in a microfluidic chip, they were able to demonstrate insulin release by the islets in response to glucose and the glucose uptake by the liver organoids, making the model useful for studying the effects of different Diabetes medications on glucose regulation.97 Like many others, including Mohammed et al. and Lomasney et al., this model by Bauer et al. utilized intracellular Ca2+ oscillation monitoring and CEIA to monitor the insulin secretion from the islets. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.