These characteristics enable CSCs to resist chemotherapy, thereby facilitating tumor recurrence.10 Many cell surface proteins have been identified as CSCs markers of HCC, such as CD44, CD133, EpCAM, CD34, and CD24, as well as transcription factors/intracellular markers, such as SOX2, OCT4, NANOG. The gene discussed is SOX2; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.