SEMA3C and hepatocellular carcinoma: Among the 13 molecules screened, we identified Sema3C, a secreted protein in the axon guidance family, which promotes CSC survival in glioblastoma and correlates with poor prognosis in various tumors.19,34 Sema3C is highly expressed and significantly correlated with tumor size, portal vein embolization, and distant metastasis in HCC.15 However, its role in tumor stemness and specific mechanisms remain unclear.