CD4 and infection: Given their effector cell diversity, CD4 T cells play a crucial role in controlling infections by a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi (Tippalagama et al. 2021; Ahmed et al. 2018; Jung et al. 2017; Fiszer et al. 1994).Our research findings are consistent with other literature reports, indicating that CD4 can effectively reduce the occurrence of pain and inflammation (Krukowski et al. 2016; Liu et al. 2014).