Aligned with these findings, cotargeting ErbB signaling with an mTORi for HNSCC has been investigated (27, 28), including our combination study of cetuximab and rapamycin or everolimus (29), and our group reported by RNAi screening that MAPK signaling is synthetic lethal with the first-generation mTORi (rapamycin; ref. 30). Here, EGFR is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.