MTOR and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Therefore, this study hypothesizes that Cai’s herbal tea formula can enhance mitochondrial autophagy in β-cells of T1DM through the AMPK/mTOR pathway, alleviate inflammatory damage, and explore its connection with T1DM targets through pharmacological spectrum analysis, systematically examining the effects of Cai’s herbal tea on T1DM at both the whole animal and in vitro cellular levels, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for further clinical prevention and treatment.