CCL3 and cancer: The elevated MIP-1α plasma levels in patients with CRC compared with healthy controls reported here and elsewhere [8], coupled with the reported upregulation of MIP-3a in colorectal adenomas, colorectal adenocarcinomas, and colorectal liver metastases tissues [37], and its correlation with poor prognosis of CRC [37, 38], highlights the key role MIPs play in the pathogenesis of cancers, including CRC.