CXCR3 and colorectal carcinoma: While induced by IFN-γ [52, 53], low serum I-TAC levels seen in metastatic CRC cases may be explained by downstream CXCL11secretion, which produces opposite effects on tumor proliferation and metastases depending on the interacting ligands (CXCR3, CXCR7) [25, 53].