In a clinical trial of prostate cancer focusing on alterations in the HRR genes, including BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, ATR, CHEK2, FANCA, RAD51C, NBN, MLH1, MRE11A, and CDK12, the group treated with talazoparib showed a significant improvement in progression-free survival compared to the placebo group (Fizazi et al., 2023). Here, MLH1 is linked to prostate carcinoma.