Furthermore, the primary chemical components found in DCW, which include scersoside, chromonoside, harpagoside, saponins, cystrines, and alkaloids, have been identified as the primary factors responsible for reducing levels of free inflammation and pain associated with central nervous system diseases by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and lipoxygenase (LOX), which are enzymes involved in the inflammatory cascade (Huang et al., 2006 ▶). The gene discussed is PTGS2; the disease is central nervous system disorder.