ACE and prostate cancer: Increased levels of ACE protein and the D allele have been associated with an increased risk of hypertension (Higaki et al., 2000; Montes-de-Oca-García et al., 2021), coronary artery disease (Nakai et al., 1994), myocardial infarction (Chen et al., 2013), polycystic ovary syndrome (Ożegowska et al., 2016), and prostate cancer (Du et al., 2022).