Age, gender, smoking history, body mass index, left ventricular ejection fraction, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, anemia, chronic kidney disease, acute myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitor, beta-blockers, loop diuretics, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. Here, REN is linked to anemia.