Nonetheless, the preclinical study in mice by Graf and colleagues on which the hypothesis is based [13] suggests that factor Xa inhibitors should prevent progression of cancer and cancer growth with a mechanism similar to PD-L1 inhibition, which suggests it could also have an effect when a tumor has not yet been diagnosed but already has had several years since inception, possibly resulting in postponement of a tumor becoming clinically apparent. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.