NLRP3 and inclusion body myositis: Mitophagy was among the top 10 downregulated pathways in IBM in the combined male and female analysis, and mitophagy plays an important role in regulating inflammation in general and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in particular.45 To further explore whether mitophagy is altered in IBM muscles, we measured p-S65-Ub levels in muscle lysates from 22 IBM patients and 10 controls (Figure 3A).