CSF1R and glioblastoma: In addition to these cellular phenotypes, M-H expression data indicated that specific immune checkpoint genes and receptor-ligand pairs implicated in GBM malignancy and immune suppression are also increased in M-H GBMs, including CD27670, CSF1R:CSF171, CD70:CD2772,73,TNFRSF9:TNFSF974,75, CTLA4:CD80/86, and CD28:CD80/CD8676 (Fig. 3B).