After observing the protective effect of activation of the osteoblastic VHL/HIF-1α-RegIIIγ pathway against STZ-induced T1DM in transgenic mice, we investigated its regulatory role in glucose metabolism in T1DM by activating the osteoblastic HIF-1α-RegIIIγ pathway using hypoxia-mimicking agents (HMAs). This evidence concerns the gene VHL and type 1 diabetes mellitus.