PLAUR and alkaline phosphatase measurement: Among these include Tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), Tissue factor, Hepcidin, Albumin, Total Calcium, Red blood distribution width, serum urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), and D-dimer.[11] Several investigations have proved the prognostic role of these markers in assessing the severity of AP; however, none of the current clinical scoring systems or biochemical markers have widespread applicable value or are consistently accurate.[11] Therefore, early identification of the development of SAP remains a great challenge.