Recently, we have reported that in the single prolonged stress (SPS) paradigm, a rodent model mimicking numerous pathophysiological and behavioral characteristics of PTSD (Keller et al. 2015; Knox et al. 2012; Souza et al. 2017; Yamamoto et al. 2009), impaired EFM is induced by decreasing BDNF in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus, and by decreasing phosphorylation of TrkB in the ILC (Kataoka et al. 2019). Here, BDNF is linked to post-traumatic stress disorder.