DHX9 and infection: Existing evidence indicates that DHX9 can affect different steps along the RNA virus life cycle, from transcription to infectivity of progeny virions, and its involvement in supporting both viral genome replication and translation has been demonstrated in the infection of several viruses, including IAV, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), HCV, foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), and HIV-1 (28, 29, 43, –, 47).