GOLM1 and neoplasm: We also noticed that ERS manifested high scores in overexpressed GP73 HCC cell clusters 2, 6, 9, 22, 24, 26, and 27 (Fig. 5I) and exhibited strong spatial activation in regions of GP73 overexpression (Fig. 5J and Fig. S5J), suggesting that GP73 potentially enhanced ERS to promote tumor angiogenesis.