It has been reported that suppressing XPO1-mediated nuclear export with specific agents or suppressing gene expression by XPO1-specific small interfering RNA activates apoptotic pathways and increases the sensitivity of tumour cells to chemotherapy drugs, such as doxorubicin, etoposide (70), cisplatin (71) and imatinib mesylate (72). This evidence concerns the gene XPO1 and neoplasm.