The role of PRL in breast cancer has been confirmed at the cellular levelin vitro, with multiple transgenic and knockout modelsin vivo, and through epidemiologic analysis (reviewed in Tworoger and Hankinson 2006, Tworoger and Hankinson 2008, Clevenger and Rui 2022, Schuler and O'Leary 2022). The gene discussed is PRL; the disease is breast carcinoma.