VHL and renal cell carcinoma: Our findings are in line with a previous work with slightly different design, whereby primary RCC tumors were segregated intoVHL+0,VHL+1,VHL+2, andVHL+≥3 mutations.33 In both the discovery and validation cohorts of the study, those patients with a VHL+0 tumor had longer 5-year DFS and were proposed as candidates for surveillance.