DARS1 and breast cancer: Among triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a new type of nanodrug delivery system based on CL4-modified exosomes was able to deliver the siRNA of lnc-DARS-AS1 to TNBC cells, and silencing of DARS-AS1 by this delivery system increased DOX sensitivity of BC cells by suppressing autophagy induced by the TGF-β/Smad3 axis (Liu et al., 2023).