HNRNPA0 and infection: Recently, we identified hnRNP A0 as a novel host factor inhibiting HIV-1 replication by targeting different mechanisms, including -1PRF [47], demonstrating that hnRNP A0 inhibits -1PRF in a dual-luciferase reporter assay as well as during infection by analyzing the protein levels of p55 and p24 versus p51 and p15.