TRAT1 and infection: Notably, previous studies have identified at least six TRIM proteins, including TRIM5γ, TRIM14, TRIM21, TRIM25, TRIM26, and TRIM31, that induce HBx degradation in HBV-infected HepG2-NTCP cells during the early phase of infection, resulting in a restoration of the host restriction factor Smc5/6 complex to suppress cccDNA transcription [27,28,29,71,72,73].