<h4>Background</h4>Achyranthes bidentata (AR) is a traditional Chinese herb used for the treatment of hypertension and cerebral ischemia, but its pharmacological effects are not known.<h4>Aim of study</h4>We aimed to detect and accurately identify the components and metabolites of AR in the plasma and brain tissue of Sprague Dawley rats.<h4>Methods</h4>We employed ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-MS) to detect AR components in the plasma and brain tissue of rats. Here, AR is linked to brain ischemia.