LGALS3 and heart failure: The elevated expression of Gal-3 has been reported in various age-related diseases [115], including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis [116], OA [117], neurodegenerative diseases [118], heart failure [119], fibrotic diseases [112], and several types of cancer [120], and the expression levels of Gal-3 correlate with disease severity, such as IDD [121], suggesting its role in the onset or progression of age-related diseases.