The inhibition of DHODH can induce differentiation of the AML cell lines and primary AML cells; the signs of differentiation include an increased expression of CD11b, CD13, CD14 and CD33 (including CD13+CD33+ double-positive cells); morphological signs of differentiation with a lower nucleocytoplasmic ratio, condensed chromatin and increased nuclear lobulation and functional signs, as well as gene expression profiles, consistent with neutrophil differentiation [223]. This evidence concerns the gene ANPEP and acute myeloid leukemia.