MITF and melanoma: The medium penetrance genes, in which mutations are linked to melanoma, are MITF, MC1R, and SLC45A2, and encode microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (master regulator of melanocytic activity) melanocortin receptor type 1 (G-protein coupled membrane bound receptor) and solute carrier family 45, member 2 (regulates melanosomal pH and trafficking of melanogenesis-related proteins), respectively [1,2,91,99,104,105].