TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: Elevated circulating markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukins (IL) (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, IL-32, IL-36), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are commonly found in conditions of low-grade inflammation, such as CVD, psoriasis, RA, and diabetes mellitus (DM) [4,5,6].