The possible mechanism underlying this association may involve the effects of AMH on ovarian function and steroidogenesis. AMH is a marker of ovarian reserve and reflects the number of antral follicles in the ovaries [37]. AMH also inhibits the aromatization of androgens to estrogens, which may affect the lipid profile and cardiovascular risk in women [38]. Estrogens have been shown to increase HDL-C levels and protect against atherosclerosis [39]. This evidence concerns the gene AMH and atherosclerosis.