Regarding the role of telomeres in diagnosing hydrocephalus, one pilot study found that transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4) mRNA, proximity to telomeres, was upregulated in the caudate nucleus tissues of NPH patients, which expressions were conserved across other two species of mice and rats56. This evidence concerns the gene TRPV4 and normal pressure hydrocephalus.